A History of the World in Sex Glasses Essay - 4236 Words

A History of the World in Six Glasses: Summary Beer The discovery of beer happened around 10000 BCE. The hunter-gatherers, located in the Fertile Crescent, collected cereal grains because they could be stored for a number of months if kept dry and safe. The storage of grains made it harder to have a nomadic lifestyle; therefore the people started staying in one place. They would try to make water tight storage areas, however water did eventually get into them. After the grain would get wet and the people would cook it, it turned into gruel and when that was left sitting around for a few days it would turn into beer. Beer became important because it was safer to drink, due to the fact that you cooked it which got rid of bacteria. In the†¦show more content†¦6. Beers relationship with writing is that some of the first records are receipts for the selling of beer. The cuneiform symbol for beer had changed over the years to become more abstract. Beers relationship with commerce is that it was used as a currency. When laborers wer e being paid in both Mesopotamia and Egypt they were given a certain amount of bread and beer depending on the job. This ties in with writing due to the fact that the people kept records of the amount that they were paid. Beer was actually healthy due to the fact that it wouldn’t be completely fermented, therefore it would contain yeast that provided nutrients and vitamins. The Egyptians believed that it could be used with other ingredients to cure illnesses like indigestion and constipation. It was also used as a sedative. Wine Wine, known as the beer of the mountains was first produced during the Neolithic period between 9000 and 4000 BCE. There were two factors in the Zagros Mountains that made the production of wine possible; an abundance of the Eurasian grape vine, Vitis vinifera sylvestris, and cereal crops. Grapes contain natural yeast that will convert the sugars in the juice to alcohol; that way when people started to store grapes they would eventually turn into wine. The earliest evidence of wine came from a jar from the village Hajji Firuz Tepe and dated back to 5400 BCE. Wine became important because it was a main part of religion, medicine, commerce, and became aShow MoreRelatedwith you. In 2650 BCE Egyptians took part in having beer as a part of their culture and made it800 Words   |  4 Pagespeople die. No matter what age, sex or how much money you did or did not own you where beer were still drinking. Even though beer still to this day bring people together it did even more back then and b eer was a form of medication because water more likely to be contaminated and unsafe because at the time they did not have the sources that we have now to make water uncontaminated. Although all sorts of liquid beverages has found its way of marking its territory in U.S history the legacy will forever continueRead MoreEssay Biography of Andrei Chikatilo973 Words   |  4 PagesAt the start of World War II, his father was sent away, captured by Germans, and didn’t return until the war’s end. As a child, Chikatilo spent most of his time reading books about the Russian partisans fighting Germans. He particularly enjoyed books about Russians who dragged Germans into the woods and tortured them. He was a chronic bed wetter and his somewhat effeminate demeanor made him a constant target of teasing. He was extremely near sighted but refused to wear glasses for the fear ofRead MoreThe Hippie Subculture of the 1960s Essay1356 Words   |  6 Pagesidealistic life in the sixties its effect tarnished many families.  ¶ The corner of Haight and Ashbury marks the spot of where the hippie subculture began. â€Å" Initially it was a youth movement that started during the early 1960’s and spread all over the world† (Stone, Skip). The word hippie derives from â€Å"hipster which is someone who rejects the established culture† (Web Dictionary). Hippies rejected and established institutions, criticized middle-class values, opposed nuclear weapons , despised the draftRead MoreAnalysis Of 1984 s 1984 1317 Words   |  6 PagesHate is toward Goldstein who is against the party and as an anti-party organization. A last theme significant to the novel 1984 is the ability to manipulate the truth led by the Ministry of Truth. The employees in this department alter and destroy history by using the memory hole therefore at this time, those who control the past, controls the future, as well as the citizens whom abide to them. 2. George Orwell lived through WW1, Russians revolutions, the Great Depression, the Rise of Nazism in GermanyRead MoreStonewall Riots Essay1549 Words   |  7 Pagesthings that the LGBT community are unfamiliar with. Their history has been painted with opposition and resiliency. As time has progressed, so has the community and their fight for equality. The community is a medley of very different people from a wide array of backgrounds; No one person is the same. They do, however, have one common denominator. The communities fight for equality has been shaped by several altercations throughout history that inevitably lead to the success, progress and currentRead MoreThe Coffee, Tea, And Coca Cola1462 Words   |  6 Pagesgardens in London were tea was very popular (and all of Britain). This was a place for the excluded sex from coffeehouses to meet. Women had opportunity to find a mate, vice versa, in this open and welcoming environment. In the book, Standage writes why the tea ga rdens became popular, â€Å"Their appeal was that they provided an elegant, respectable public venue, and a good place to meet members of the opposite sex† (195). Coca-Cola is a slightly different situation. Coca-Cola doesn’t really have one typeRead MoreEthics on Pornography1526 Words   |  7 Pagesmore pleasure but mankind is not always pure. There are some bad men, there are some disgusting ideas and there are some barbarous behaviors. With that genres directors start to use women as an object, the way of sex is start to change, some of movies there are sex slaves and violent on sex, and they start to use children in porn. All of that are pleasurable? If yes or no don’t matter, what important is, is it ethical? Ethics is morality basically. Ethics of porn comes with the violent in porn andRead MoreCritical Analysis Paper for a Room of Ones Own1193 Words   |  5 Pagesforced into a role which denied them equal education opportunities. Virginia Woolfe expr esses her frustration on why women were denied privacy in her novel , A Room of Ones Own. Where she compare the traditional lifestyle tailored made for the opposite sex and the sacrafices that came with it. Wendy Gen feels, Though women through the centuries have not always enjoyed rooms of their own, they have had recourse to mental privacy, retreating to the internal spaces of their minds for refuge or silent critiqueRead MoreLoss Of Innocence In Catcher In The Rye1429 Words   |  6 Pagesrenowned. The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger is about an adolescent named Holden who wanders around New York City after being kicked out of a prestigious boarding school in eastern Pennsylvania. While learning more about himself and the adult world, he experiences alcohol, prostitution, and sexuality. Holden struggles with issues such as identity and maturity. Eventually, he realizes what it means to become an adult and accepts that maturity and development is inevitable. Holden suffers fr omRead MoreStardom Is Simply An Economic Process. Discuss.. Stardom,1925 Words   |  8 Pagesattention on his rising solo career. Lennon’s adaptation of â€Å"granny glasses† was an enormously influential act that clearly contributed to the iconography of eyeglasses in the popular music industry (Mäkelä, 2004, p.109). According to biographical writings, Lennon was actually near-sighted, but he’d rather go to social events half blind than having glasses on him. Though some types of glasses such as sunglasses and tinted glasses had already been associated with the Hollywood lifestyle, eyeglasses

Essay on Understanding HIV/AIDS - 877 Words

In today’s world HIV/AIDS has become an epidemic that has not only challenged the research of our medical professionals, but also the lives of several children born with this infectious disease. In order to understand this epidemic we have to travel the path in which it was discovered. In 1985, human immunodeficiency also known as HIV was discovered by scientist and that discovery alone brought up many questions with very little definite answers. Due to this discovery several people are in search of an understanding cure for this disease, but the question still remains what is AIDS and how can we prevent the transmission from mother to fetus? Acquired immune deficiency syndrome, also known as AIDS, is a condition†¦show more content†¦Because of this fear many children born with this disease are apprehensive about sharing their status with their friends, a girlfriend, or a boyfriend. Mainly because they feel theyll be looked at differently or isolated by the individua l who may not have a clear understanding of how the disease is transmitted or how they contracted it. According to Brooke Minters she stated their challenges are daunting and she elaborates by saying say theyve dealt with losing sick parents and friends, disclosing their status, engaging in sex with uninfected partners, and enduring medical side effects with unknown consequences. Unfortunately, their battle to live life to its fullest is far more challenging for many born with this disease to endure. However, many find ways to become a model for those living with the disease and for those who may or may not know their status. Brooke Minters reports that a young man, Lafayette Sanders of Philadelphia, was born with the disease at birth have decided to become a peer educator for iChoose2live, a youth program that encourages HIV awareness and career building. She quoted Sanders who stated I want to destigmatize it. Brooke reports, Sanders now 24, stated My main goal is to get people to talk about HIV. This is a sensitive topic for many and several have made a conscientious decision to a void, ignore, overlook, or completely forget aboutShow MoreRelatedHiv / Aids And Aids1472 Words   |  6 PagesHIV/AIDS is the major ongoing issue attacking sub-Saharan Africa. The damage caused by HIV/AIDS strips families, communities, and increases poverty. In Kenya, the plague has mainly targeted those in the fertile and reproductive age groups. According to estimates by the United Nations of AIDS (UNAIDS), â€Å"Indication of 22.5 million people were living with HIV in Africa, over 1.6 million people were estimated to have died from this syndrome, and well over 11 million children have been orphaned by AIDSRead MoreHepatitis Carinii Pneumonia ( Pcp )1708 Words   |  7 Pageswas renamed in 1982 to what we now know as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (Aids). HIV is the precursor to Aids. HIV attacks CD4+ T Cells. T Cells are the white blood cells that assist the body with fighting off cold and infections. A severe loss of those essential C D4+T Cells weaken the body’s immune system resulting in AIDS, which frequently results in death. A person can contract the HIV virus through unprotected sexual intercourse via bodily fluids such asRead MoreHiv/Aids Essay1086 Words   |  5 PagesHIV/AIDS BSHS302 May 21, 2012 Faye Flanagan HIV/AIDS Social issues facing HIV/AIDS today are as diverse as the people that are affected by the disease. Advocating for a large group of people takes action at the macro human service practice. The goals and intervention strategies will be similar to micro human service and will involve the same strategies to bring justice to human rights for all members of society. One strategy is including a broader range of other diversity in research inRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Hiv And Aids1535 Words   |  7 Pagespopulation include providing access to health care, HIV testing and syringe services programs. The Office of HIV Planning in Philadelphia focuses on the needs of the population, conducts community outreaches and educational sessions. As previously stated, 32 state Medicaid programs reimburse for routine HIV screening of adults aged 15-65 years, regardless of risk. This policy allows for individuals to more likely participate in this screening process. HIV testing can be done through health care professionalsRead MoreAIDS1469 Words   |  6 Pagessyndrome (AIDS) is the final stage of HIV disease, which causes severe damage to immune system and numerous of dead all over the world. AIDS is the sixth leading cause of death among people ages 25 – 44 in the United States. Millions of people around the world are living with HIV/AIDS, includin g many children under age 15 (PubMed Health). In addition, AIDS ranks the first leading of death in Vietnam. More than 260000 people living with AIDS and an estimated 100 people become infected every day (AIDS inRead MoreSexual Deviance And Its Effects On Target Population895 Words   |  4 Pagesconnection, we gain a deeper understanding, which highlights the complexity of this issue, as well as the challenges facing public health officials. Transitional Slide C. Impact on Target Population 1. Aside from statistical data highlighting HIV/AIDS incidences and prevalence amongst MSM, it’s imperative to consider the emotional, physical, and financial impact persons suffer when newly diagnosed. In many instances, the same holds true for those living with HIV/AIDS. 2. Psychological issues ariseRead MorePrevalence Of Hiv / Aids1525 Words   |  7 PagesPrevalence of HIV/AIDS in Ohio It was already stated that the HIV/AIDS epidemic impacts persons regardless of sex, age, race/ethnic group and/or geographic region in Ohio, but certain populations seem to be more impacted than others. There are 11, 544,225 people living in Ohio. 80% are white, 12% are black, 3% are Hispanic, and less than 2% are Asian. Each year in Ohio, about 1,000 people are diagnosed with HIV. In 2013, 1,180 people were diagnosed. Overall, there are almost 20,000 known to be livingRead MoreAids : The Age Of Aids943 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout the Age of AIDS film many topics that were related to AIDS were brought up that I did not know anything about before. I did not know that there could so many strings attached to a disease and have such an influence in people’s lives whether it was negative or positive. The first scene in the movie I thought was powerful was the scene where kids with HIV were forced to leave school due to the fear of the parents and the ignorance they had back then about not understanding how HIV were transmittedRead MoreOn-Going Fear of AIDS Essay1550 Words   |  7 PagesAIDS isn’t a disease people have known about since the 1800s. In fact, it wasn’t even known as AIDS until a couple years after its discovery in the 1980s. Before, it was called Gay Related Immunodeficiency Disease, or GRID (â€Å"Natural History of HIV/AIDS†). And because of the fact it wasn’t discovered until the 1980s, people feared the disease and still do to this day. It’s been thirty years and many are still not properly educated about AIDS (Hawkins 16). The fear, stigmatization, and discriminationRead MoreEpidemiology Paper on Hiv800 Words   |  4 PagesPromotion May 16, 2014 HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. It can lead to immunodeficiency syndrome or AIDS. It is caused by the HIV entering the uninfected body and stats to destroy CD4+cells which are there to help the body fight infection and disease (Webmd.com, 2014). Once you have HIV, you have it for life. More than 1.1 million people in United States alone are living with HIV and 1 out of 6 font even know it. About 50,000 people are infected with HIV each year (Cdc.gov, 2014).

Financial Management The Measurement Metric

Question: Describe about the Financial Management for The Measurement Metric. Answer: Introduction:- Operating leverage is the measurement metric, which helps the analysts to determine the percentage of fixed expenses within the total cost of any business. It is a very crucial tool for measuring the profit margins on total revenue (Kaplan and Atkinson 2015). The management of Rammstein Holdings has selected two Australian companies for investment. The company has decided to analyze the potentialities of the two investment alternatives in respect to the cash flow degree of operating leverage. The first alternative is GUD Holdings Ltd. GUD Holdings Ltd. operates in different forms of industrial sectors. It uses to manufacture cleaning items, industrial domestic storage materials, household industrial locking products, water supply related products for both commercial domestic purposes and automotive filters. Such diversified product range has helped the organization to grow faster. The company always maintains the vision to provide long term returns to its shareholders and other investors at higher rate. The other company is Breville Group Ltd. Breville Group Ltd. is one of the popular kitchen products and appliances companies in Australia. The company manufactures and sells various types of kitchen products under the brand names, Breville and Sage. The kitched appliances are sold under the brand, Kambrook and for electrical appliances, it operates the brand, Ronson. Apart from the own brands, Breville Group is also the exclusive registered distributor of the personal care and garment care appliances of Philips Ltd. for allover Australia and New Zealand. From the product ranges, it can be concluded that the company has focused on a specific market sector. With the prosperity of the brands, the company has also gain high popularity amongst the investors for its steady income level and high return. Cash Flow Degree of Operating Leverage:- The financial performances of both the companies are analyzed by comparing the cash flow degree of operating leverages of the two companies for two years. The comparison is shown in the graph:- Comparison of the DOLs of two companies:- From the above graph, it can be stated that both the companies are involved with manufacturing processes and have to incur higher amount of fixed expenses, such as depreciation and amortization, interest at fixed rates, insurance, fixed salaries to employees etc. Hence, both the companies have maintained the cash flow degree of operational leverage above 1 over the periods. Both the companies can enjoy high profit with increase in sales, but, they have to ensure high sales volume to cover the high amount of fixed expenses (Horngren et al. 2013). However, Breville has concentrated on a particular market and GUD Holdings has diversified its main operational activities. Due to such diversifications, the DOL of GUD has been more instable than Breville over the period. Comparison of DOLs of two periods:- As discussed above, the DOLs of Breville for the two years are more or less same. It implies that the proportion of fixed expenses and variable expenses has not changed too much over the years. Thus, the level of sales volume, to pay off the fixed expense, would also not change very much accordingly (Bierman Jr and Smidt 2012). On the other hand, the DOL of GUD holdings has increased significantly rapidly in the current year. It denotes that the company has incurred higher fixed expenses in 2015 than the previous year. Thus, the level of adequate sales volume for covering the fixed expenses has also increased according to the increase of fixed expenses (Bhattacharjee et al. 2014). Usefulness of DOL in accounting and cash flow for perspective users: The degree of operating leverage can be defined as the leverage ratio which sums up the amount of operating leverage on the companys earnings before interest and tax. Operating leverage takes into the consideration the fixed cost and the proportion of variable cost in the business operations. It is worth mentioning from the financial perspective cash flow that the earnings before interest and taxes would be unpredictable for the company even though all the accounting factors remains unchanged (Lee and Park 2014). The framework largely evaluates the breakeven point of the business along with the likelihood of the profitability level of individual sales. In order to compute the company is operating leverage, the contribution margin is divided by its net operating income. It is worth mentioning that the measurement of operating leverage involves constant monitoring as because small amount of change in sales can result in the dramatic increase in profit. This enables the users of financi al information to carefully forecast the revenue as small error in forecasting can translate into large error in both net income and cash flows (Brown 2012). On the other hand, the degree of operating advantage can create a profound impact on the pricing policy as because a business firm with large operating leverage should not set the prices so low that it can never generate sufficient amount of contribution margin in order to fully offset the fixed costs. The degree of operating leverage assists the company and its decision makers to determine the most appropriate level of operating leverage to maximise the companys EBIT. A company with balanced Degree of operating leverage can provide the financial leverage with contributing factor in business profits (Damodaran 2016). Formula of Cash Flow Degree of operating leverage : DOL = Contribution Margin / Net Operating Cash Flow This ratio helps in summarising the effect after merging the financial and operating leverage and what effect such combinations and variation creates on corporate earnings. The above stated formula is helpful in assessing both the financial and the operating perspective for a potential investors (Kahl et al. 2014). Conclusion:- From the above discussion, it may be concluded that Breville Group Ltd. is a better alternative for investment in comparison to GUD Holdings Ltd. The current DOL of the company is lower than GUD Holdings and moreover, the level is also stable than that of other company. Therefore, from an investors perspective it can be stated that though Breville Ltd. cannot earn higher profits by increasing sales volume, but the problem to meet the fixed expenses in case of reduction in sales volume will be lesser in comparison to GUD Holdings. References:- Bhattacharjee, A., Higson, C. and Holly, S., 2014. Asymmetric Price Adjustment, Sticky Costs and Operating Leverage over the Business Cycle.Spatial Economics and Econometrics Centre, Heriot Watt University Bierman Jr, H. and Smidt, S., 2012.The capital budgeting decision: economic analysis of investment projects. Routledge Brown, R., 2012. Analysis of investments management of portfolios. Damodaran, A., 2016.Damodaran on valuation: security analysis for investment and corporate finance(Vol. 324). John Wiley Sons. Horngren, C.T., Sundem, G.L., Schatzberg, J.O. and Burgstahler, D., 2013.Introduction to management accounting. Pearson Higher Ed. Kahl, M., Lunn, J. and Nilsson, M., 2014, November. Operating leverage and corporate financial policies. InAFA 2012 Chicago Meetings Paper. Kaplan, R.S. and Atkinson, A.A., 2015.Advanced management accounting. PHI Learning. Lee, S. and Park, S.B., 2014. A study on the association between operating leverage and risk: The case of the airline industry.International Journal of Economics and Finance,6(3), p.120.

Ritz Organizational Management and Management Analysis free essay sample

How has the Ritz emphasized quality?Ritz-Carlton emphasized quality by ensuring customer satisfaction through premium customer service including distinctive facilities and unusual environment, highly personalized services, and exceptional food and beverage. To achieve these, it carefully selects and trains its employees and reinforces its employee improvement program through recognition of superior individual performance.How has the Ritz benefited from its quality initiatives?With its quality initiatives, The Ritz not only won 121 quality-related awards and earned the industry best-ranking by all three major hotel-rating organizations, but most importantly, it gained competitive advantage in the industry. Particularly, high customer satisfaction which resulted to strong patronage of its hotels (as evidenced by its 240,000 repeat customers) is the most important benefit that the hotel gained from its quality initiatives. Discuss the Ritz in light of Deming’s fourteen points.Among Deming’s 14 points on Total Quality Management, I would like to cite 3 points that The Ritz exemplified. We will write a custom essay sample on Ritz: Organizational Management and Management Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page First is the institution of vigorous program of education and self-improvement for each and everyone in the company. Employees are trained, empowered and made them committed to its â€Å"Gold Standards.† In fact, its employees receive 126 hours of annual training on quality issues an initiative, perhaps unparalleled in the industry. This commitment to empower employees also relates to another point of Total Quality Management: constant and forever improvement of every process of planning, production and service. This is also reinforced by the weekly meetings of the senior management quality team which reviews performance and sets standards. Lastly, by putting everybody in the company to work in accomplishing the transformation, The Ritz introduced participatory executive leadership, thorough gathering and coordinated planning and execution. Every employee is given total authority to do what it takes to satisfy customer needs without waiting for management directions.What else could the Ritz do to improve quality?To improve quality, perhaps The Ritz could institute is the removal of barriers that rob people in management and in engineering of their right to pride of workmanship.

Biography of Alvin C. York, Hero of World War I

Biography of Alvin C. York, Hero of World War I Alvin C. York (born Alvin Cullum York; December 13, 1887–September 2, 1964) was one of the U.S. Armys most notable heroes during World War I. York received the Medal of Honor for his actions on October 8, 1918, during the Meuse-Argonne Offensive. In the course of an attack, he led a small group that captured more than 130 prisoners and he single-handedly eliminated multiple German machine guns and their crews. After the war, his life was brought to the big screen by Gary Cooper in the award-winning film Sergeant York. Fast Facts: Alvin C. York Known for: Pacifist hero in World War I, movie about his life in 1940.Birth: December 13, 1887 in Pall Mall, TennesseeParents: William and Mary YorkDeath: September 2, 1964 in Pall Mall, TennesseeSpouse: Gracie WilliamsChildren: 10, eight of whom survived infancy Early Life Alvin Cullum York was born December 13, 1887, to William and Mary York of rural Pall Mall, Tennessee. The third of 11 children, York grew up in a small two-room cabin and received minimal schooling as a child due to a need to aid his father in running the family farm and hunting for food. Though his formal education was lacking, he learned to be a crack shot and an adept woodsman. In the wake of his fathers death in 1911, York, as the eldest still living in the area, was forced to aid his mother in raising his younger siblings. To support the family, he began working in railroad construction and as a logger in Harriman, Tennessee. A hard worker, York showed a devotion to promoting the welfare of his family. Trouble and Spiritual Conversion During this period, York became a heavy drinker and was frequently involved in bar fights. Despite pleas from his mother to improve his behavior, York persisted in drinking. This continued until the winter of 1914, when his friend Everett Delk was beaten to death during a brawl in nearby Static, Kentucky. Shaken by this incident, York attended a revival meeting led by H.H. Russell during which he concluded that he needed to change his ways or risk suffering a fate similar to Delk. Altering his behavior, he became a member of the Church of Christ in Christian Union. A strict fundamentalist sect, the church forbade violence and preached a strict moral code that forbade drinking, dancing, and many forms of popular culture. An active member of the congregation, York met his future wife, Gracie Williams, through the church while also teaching Sunday school and singing in the choir. World War I and Moral Confusion With the United States entry into World War I in April 1917, York became concerned that he would be required to serve. These worries became reality when he received his draft registration notice. Consulting with his pastor, he was advised to seek conscientious objector status. On June 5, York registered for the draft as required by law, but wrote on his draft card, Dont want to fight. When his case was reviewed by local and state draft authorities, his request was denied as his church was not a recognized Christian sect. In addition, during this period conscientious objectors were still drafted and typically assigned non-combat roles. In November, York was drafted into the U.S. Army, and though his conscientious objector status was considered, he was sent to basic training. A Change of Heart Now 30 years old, York was assigned to Company G, 328th Infantry Regiment, 82nd Infantry Division and posted to Camp Gordon in Georgia. Arriving, he proved a crack shot but was seen as an oddity because he did not wish to fight. During this time, he had extensive conversations with his company commander, Captain Edward C.B. Danforth, and his battalion commander, Major G. Edward Buxton, relating to the Biblical justification for war. A devout Christian, Buxton cited a variety of Biblical sources to counter his subordinates concerns. Challenging Yorks pacifist stance, the two officers were able to convince the reluctant soldier that war could be justified.  Following a 10-day leave to visit home, York returned with a firm belief that God meant for him to fight. In France Traveling to Boston, Yorks unit sailed for Le Havre, France in May 1918 and arrived later that month after a stop in Britain. Reaching the Continent, Yorks division spent time along the Somme as well as at Toul, Lagney, and Marbache, where they underwent a variety of training to prepare them for combat operations along the Western Front. Promoted to corporal, York took part in the St. Mihiel offensive that September as the 82nd sought to protect the US First Armys right flank. With the successful conclusion of fighting in that sector, the 82nd shifted northward to take part in the Meuse-Argonne Offensive. Entering the fighting on October 7 to relieve units of the 28th Infantry Division, Yorks unit received orders that night to advance the next morning to take Hill 223 and press on to sever the Decauville Railroad north of Chatel-Chehery. Advancing around 6 a.m. the next morning, the Americans succeeded in taking the hill. A Tough Assignment Moving forward from the hill, Yorks unit was forced to attack through a triangular valley and quickly came under German machine-gun fire on several sides from the adjacent hills. This stalled the attack as the Americans began taking heavy casualties. In an effort to eliminate the machine guns, 17 men led by Sergeant Bernard Early, including York, were ordered to work around into the German rear. Taking advantage of the brush and hilly nature of the terrain, these troops succeeded in slipping behind the German lines and advanced up one of the hills opposite the American advance. In doing so, they overran and captured a German headquarters area and secured a large number of prisoners including a major. While Earlys men began securing the prisoners, the German machine gunners up the slope turned several of their guns and opened fire on the Americans. This killed six and wounded three, including Early. This left York in command of the remaining seven men. With his men behind cover guarding the prisoners, York moved to deal with the machine guns. A Stunning Achievement Beginning in a prone position, he utilized the shooting skills he had honed as a boy. Picking off the German gunners, York was able to move to a standing position as he evaded enemy fire. During the course of the fight, six German soldiers emerged from their trenches and charged at York with bayonets. Running low on rifle ammunition, he drew his pistol and dropped all six before they reached him. Switching back to his rifle, he returned to sniping at the German machine guns. Believing he had killed around 20 Germans, and not wishing to kill more than necessary, he began calling for them to surrender. Sergeant Alvin York during the action of October 8, 1918 by Frank Schoonover. Public Domain In this, he was aided by the captured major who ordered his men to cease fighting. Rounding up the prisoners in the immediate area, York and his men had captured around 100 Germans. With the majors assistance, York began moving the men back toward the American lines. In the process, another 30 Germans were captured. Advancing through artillery fire, York and the surviving men delivered 132 prisoners to his battalion headquarters. This done, he and his men rejoined their unit and fought through to the Decauville Railroad. In the course of the fight, 28 Germans were killed and 35 machine guns captured. Yorks actions clearing the machine guns reinvigorated the 328ths assault and the regiment advanced to secure a position on the Decauville Railroad. Medal of Honor For his achievements, York was promoted to sergeant and awarded the Distinguished Service Cross. Remaining with his unit for the final weeks of the war, his decoration was upgraded to the Medal of Honor which he received on April 18, 1919. The award was presented to York by American Expeditionary Forces commander General John J. Pershing. In addition to the Medal of Honor, York received the French Croix de Guerre and Legion of Honor, as well as the Italian Croce al Merito di Guerra. When given his French decorations by Marshal Ferdinand Foch, the supreme allied commander commented, What you did was the greatest thing ever accomplished by any soldier by any of the armies of Europe. Arriving back in the United States in late May, York was hailed as a hero and was honored with a ticker-tape parade in New York City. Later Life Though wooed by filmmakers and advertisers, York was eager to return home to Tennessee. Doing so, he married Gracie Williams that June. Over the next several years, the couple had 10 children, eight of whom survived infancy. A celebrity, York took part in several speaking tours and eagerly sought to improve educational opportunities for area children. This culminated with the opening of the Alvin C. York Agricultural Institute in 1926, which was taken over by the State of Tennessee in 1937. Though York possessed some political ambitions, these largely proved fruitless. In 1941, York relented and allowed a film to be made of his life. As the conflict in Europe increased in intensity, what had first been planned as a movie about his work to educate children in Tennessee became an overt statement for intervention in World War II. Starring Gary Cooper, who would win his only Academy Award for his portrayal, Sergeant York proved a box office hit. Though he opposed the U.S. entry into World War II prior to Pearl Harbor, York worked to found the Tennessee State Guard in 1941, serving as colonel of the 7th Regiment and became a spokesperson for the Fight for Freedom Committee, counter to Charles Lindberghs isolationist American First committee. With the beginning of the war, he attempted to re-enlist but was turned away due to his age and weight. Unable to serve in combat, he instead played a role in war bond and inspection tours. In the years after the war, York was plagued by financial problems and was left incapacitated by a stroke in 1954. He died on September 2, 1964, after suffering a cerebral hemorrhage. Sources Birdwell, Michael E. Alvin Cullum York: The Myth, the Man, and the Legacy. Tennessee Historical Quarterly 71.4 (2012): 318–39. Print.Hoobler, James A. Sergeant York Historic Area. Tennessee Historical Quarterly 38.1 (1979): 3–8. Print.Lee, David D. Appalachia on Film: The Making of Sergeant York. Southern Quarterly 19.3 (1981): 207–15.Maestriano, Douglas V. Alvin York: A New Biography of the Hero of the Argonne. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 2014.

School Nursing and Asthma Program by S2M Assignment

School Nursing and Asthma Program by S2M - Assignment Example S2M indicates that dissemination of information in the meeting will be done with discussion and showing of PowerPoint slides (Melynck & Fineout-Overholt, 2011). S2M also has carefully planned further dissemination to nursing conferences, city meetings, and through a newspaper article in the city. S2M also points out that disseminating the plan requires engaging the attendees by using the Kotter and Cohen Model for change, by reaching out to people’s emotions, rather than through a list of boring facts. The importance of the subject is in the fact that asthma is a leading cause of morbidity, and this should make people stand up and take notice. Most likely, finding stories that pull at heartstrings, regarding students with asthma, who have passed away because of lack of care by those around the children, will get people’s attention. It will, indeed, require commitment on the part of all adults concerned, both at school and from the parents (CPS, 2011). Therefore, S2M is correct that this is a very important issue to be addressed in the schools, and also requires planning, not only for health and medical instruction of school sta ff but of laying in of suitable medical products. Conducting an initial pilot plan will be a good idea, using several schools with a nurse and fully stocked medical center, to take care of issues as they arise. The nurse and the principal can also help with recording the events, what problems they encountered, and make suggestions for adjustments at the end of the pilot program run. Charts and spreadsheets will help in information gathering, plus a database of the medical inventory, in place before the pilot program starts, will give a pretty good idea of how much it costs to outfit the medical center, and what final costs are in implementation (Melnyk & Fineout-Overholt, 2011).S2M might consider that school nurses should be required to show evidence at the beginning of every school year, that they have obtained ongoing education, particularly in the issues of child asthma in school. While one can assume that nurses will continue with their education, the lives of school children are in their hands and, therefore, appropriate eviden ce will not only protect the children if they need help but also protects the school system as well (NASN, 2014). S2M has made an excellent case for the asthma project and developed a very good dissemination plan for its delivery. Â  

United State foreign policy towards Middle East Essay

United State foreign policy towards Middle East - Essay Example US has been accused of having inconsistent and incoherent foreign policy towards Middle East. The relation of United States government and the Middle East can be dated to a thousand years and since this period it has used various foreign policies in this region. Oren admits that the America’s failure to be clear and honest about its own motives, as much as its serial failure to interpret the Middle East as often befuddled relations with the region (Oren,pp.341). This paper explores the reasons for United States inconsistent foreign policy towards Middle East with a close reference to the text book power, faith, and fantasy: America in the Middle East 1776 to present. Combating Threat from Middle East and Adjacent Regions. The threat posed by Saddam Hussein in Iraq was fantastical and not real until the American forces hit the ground there. United states through its foreign policy seek to protect itself from Middle East threats while at the same time helping to safeguard the li ves of native people in the region. For example United States government has adopted different foreign policies in Iran and Iraq and also in Israel and Palestine. The United States foreign policy that is pegged on the pillars of deterrence, containment and preemptive strikes on terrorism and alleged terrorism attacks has been inconsistent and incoherent in Middle East.It has stressed force and sanctions and absence of nuclear weapons in Iraq and Iran while at the same employing diplomacy in Israel and Palestine and this has created a rather disparity and inconsistency in the foreign policy. (Parmar,pp.204). Pursuit of National Interest United States foreign policy is usually based on the national interest but in the Middle East, the pursuit encompasses overlapping, conflicting and inconsistent economic, political and strategic interest. Domestic influences usually determine the United States foreign policy and it is balanced by the interest of America and the greater good of mankind . Different political regimes in the United States also have their foreign policy blue prints and this has seriously led to the inconsistency of these policies towards Middle East. For example Democrats and Republicans have had different foreign policies towards Middle East once they are in power. There is usually more debate within the administration of United States government and the national security on foreign policy and it normally leads to contradictory, incoherent and inconsistent policy towards Middle East. Supply of Oil United States has depended on foreign crude oil for a long time and these imports are majorly from Middle East countries. Because of the massive petroleum reserves in the Middle East United States government has developed policies that are seen to be inconsistent and incoherent about the region. In view of this and the challenge posed by hostile domestic population, United States government has adopted an increasingly inconsistent policy in regard to the Mi ddle East region. The foreign policies are formulated in a careful strategy so as to wield acceptance from the Middle East masses and in the long run receive constant supply of crude oil. The need for secure flow of Middle Eastern oil into the United States economy has led to special relationship. The Middle Eastern countries especially Saudi Arabia has the largest deposit of oil reserves in the world but at the same time they are marred by instability. This instability is mainly caused by political regimes which are authoritarian. United States government through its foreign policy is supporting these political regimes in the Middle East in order to secure constant flow of oil (Rosati and Scott,pp.35). As a result, the United States government has preserved the status quo politics in the Middle East particularly in Saudi Arabia and the Persian Gulf sheikdoms. One of the major reasons for the inconsistent foreign policy in the Middle Eas